CSE (Council of Science Editors) style is a citation format used primarily in the sciences. Properly formatted reference pages are crucial for academic integrity and to provide credit to original authors. Below are three diverse examples of CSE reference page formats, each illustrating a different type of source.
In scientific writing, referencing journal articles is common, especially for research papers. This example showcases how to format a reference for a journal article, which is often used to support claims with peer-reviewed evidence.
Author(s). Year. Title of the article. Title of the Journal. Volume(Issue): Page range. DOI or URL
Example:
Smith J, Doe A. 2021. The effects of climate change on marine biodiversity. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 650: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1000/xyz123
Notes:
Books are vital sources for comprehensive information on a topic. This example illustrates how to reference a book, which may be used to provide background information or theoretical frameworks in your research.
Author(s). Year. Title of the book. Edition (if applicable). Place of publication: Publisher.
Example:
Johnson R, Smith T. 2019. Understanding Ecological Principles. 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press.
Notes:
With the rise of digital information, referencing websites has become increasingly important. This example shows how to format a reference for an online source, which is frequently used for current events or emerging research topics.
Author(s) or Organization. Year. Title of the webpage. Site Name. Available from: URL
Example:
World Health Organization. 2022. The impact of COVID-19 on mental health. WHO. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health
Notes: