The Modern Language Association (MLA) format is a widely used style for writing research papers in the humanities, particularly in literature, philosophy, and cultural studies. A literature review in MLA format summarizes and synthesizes previous research on a specific topic. Below are three practical examples that demonstrate how to structure a literature review in MLA format.
Context: This literature review examines historical perspectives on gender roles in literature, focusing on how these roles have evolved over the centuries.
In recent years, scholars have increasingly focused on how gender roles are represented in literature and how they reflect societal norms. For instance, Smith argues that early 20th-century literature often depicted women in domestic roles, reinforcing traditional views (Smith 23). In contrast, Jones posits that post-war literature began to challenge these norms, showcasing more complex female characters who defy societal expectations (Jones 45). Additionally, Lee’s analysis of contemporary literature reveals a continuing evolution, where gender roles are fluid and characters often navigate multiple identities (Lee 67). This body of work demonstrates a clear trajectory in the representation of gender roles in literature, suggesting that these roles are not static but rather subject to change over time.
Notes: When writing a literature review, it’s essential to group studies thematically. You can also include direct quotes from the studies to support your analysis.
Context: This literature review explores the impact of technology on education, highlighting various studies that analyze both positive and negative effects.
The integration of technology in education has transformed teaching methodologies and student engagement. According to Brown, digital tools have enhanced interactive learning, enabling students to engage more deeply with the material (Brown 12). However, White raises concerns about the overreliance on technology, suggesting it may lead to decreased critical thinking skills among students (White 34). Furthermore, Green’s research emphasizes the importance of teacher training in technology integration, arguing that without proper training, the potential benefits of technology may not be realized (Green 56). Collectively, these studies underscore the complexity of technology’s role in education, indicating that while it offers significant advantages, there are also challenges that must be addressed.
Notes: Consider summarizing contrasting viewpoints to provide a balanced perspective. Using subheadings can also help organize your literature review effectively.
Context: This literature review consolidates research findings on how climate change is affecting biodiversity across various ecosystems.
Climate change remains one of the most pressing issues facing biodiversity. Research by Thompson highlights alarming trends in species extinction rates, linking these to rising global temperatures (Thompson 8). Similarly, Martinez discusses the impact of climate change on marine ecosystems, noting how coral bleaching events are becoming increasingly frequent (Martinez 29). In contrast, Roberts presents a more optimistic view, suggesting that some species may adapt to changing conditions, although this varies widely among different taxa (Roberts 42). This literature review indicates that the effects of climate change on biodiversity are multifaceted, with both negative impacts and potential adaptive responses observed.
Notes: Be sure to cite all sources accurately in your Works Cited section. You may also want to include a summary or conclusion that synthesizes the findings of the literature reviewed.